In 1887, Julius Petri invented a simple pair of nesting glass dishes, ideal for keeping specimens of growing bacteria sterile--the 'Petri dish.' Science historian Howard Markel recounts the history of this ubiquitous lab supply, and the serendipitous discovery of the stuff in it, agar.
Source: http://www.npr.org/2011/12/16/143847287/science-diction-the-origin-of-the-petri-dish?ft=1&f=1007
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